{"id":101,"date":"2026-10-26T03:37:53","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T03:37:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/?post_type=adhigaram&#038;p=101"},"modified":"2026-10-26T03:37:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T03:37:53","slug":"adhigaram-32-innaaseyyaamai","status":"publish","type":"adhigaram","link":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/thirukkural\/adhigaram-32-innaaseyyaamai\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8 \u00b7 Not doing Evil"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This chapter teaches that never causing pain to anyone, in any circumstance, is the creed of the stainless, that doing good to those who harmed us and making them ashamed is the best punishment, and that the pain we give returns to us.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","kural_section":[32],"class_list":["post-101","adhigaram","type-adhigaram","status-publish","hentry","kural_section-thuravaraviyal"],"acf":{"adhigaram_number":32,"name_ta":"\u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8","name_en":"Not doing Evil","transliteration":"Innaaseyyaamai","summary_ta":"\u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc7 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b9a\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc7 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc7 \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1.","summary_en":"This chapter teaches that never causing pain to anyone, in any circumstance, is the creed of the stainless, that doing good to those who harmed us and making them ashamed is the best punishment, and that the pain we give returns to us.","intro_ta":"\u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8. 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\u0b92\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bca\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1.","intro_en":"Innaa seyyaamai means not doing things that cause pain. Innaa is what is unpleasant, what gives suffering. After compassion and non-killing in the section on ascetic virtue, here a wider principle is stated in the form of \"pain\". If non-killing means not taking life, innaa seyyaamai includes not causing pain to body, mind and livelihood. In Indian tradition it is close to the idea of ahimsa. The Mahabharata says repeatedly, \"ahimsa paramo dharmah\", not harming is the highest dharma.\n\nThe first two couplets call it the creed of the stainless. Even if one gains wealth and distinction, not causing pain to others is the creed of the stainless. So too, not harming in return even those who harmed out of hatred. The third and fourth couplets reshape how wrongdoers should be punished: the fitting penalty is to do them such good that they are ashamed.\n\nWe may see innaa seyyaamai and non-killing as two branches of one creed. Non-killing protects life; innaa seyyaamai protects the peace of a life. If one does not hurt another's body but hurts the mind, it is still innaa. That is why Valluvar uses the word again and again here. Innaa, meaning simply \"what is not pleasant\", joins easily with our own experience.\n\nThe fifth and sixth point to the fruit and experience of knowledge. Learning is useless if one does not guard another's pain as his own. \"Do not do to others what you know to be painful to yourself\" is among the golden sayings of Indian culture. The seventh and eighth treat even the thought of harm as something to avoid. The ninth and tenth give the consequences: pain done in the forenoon returns on its own in the afternoon, and pains pile upon those who cause pain.\n\nThis chapter does not stop at personal virtue. To make others suffer by speech, by a look, by neglect is also innaa seydhal. In today's world a harsh word written online or the shunning of a colleague belongs here. Valluvar gives a simple test: ask, \"If this were done to me, would it hurt?\" With this clarity let us go on to the couplets, each of which has a lesson for our lives.","story_title_ta":"\u0b87\u0bb0\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc7\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bc8","story_ta":"\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bb5\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc7\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b85\u0bb0\u0b9a\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b85\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b95\u0ba9\u0bcd, \u0b9a\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0 \u0bb5\u0bae\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd 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He was the son of Sankriti, born in the lunar dynasty. He gave away all his wealth in charity and finally reached a state in which neither he nor his family had anything to eat. Yet his mind did not waver; he wished to do no harm to anyone and to show grace as far as he could.\n\nOnce a famine came. The Purana says Rantideva remained without food for forty-eight days. On the forty-ninth day he obtained a little ghee, porridge, flour and water. Just as he sat down to eat, a Brahmin arrived as a guest. Rantideva gave him some food and sent him off gladly. As he began to share and eat what was left, another guest arrived. He gave him a share too. Then a man arrived with dogs and asked for food. He gave to him also.\n\nIn this story note how Rantideva fed each person. First came a Brahmin, then a man of another community, then one with dogs, and last one regarded as low. Rantideva showed no difference. He approached everyone with the same love. His grace did not see high and low. Though hungry himself, he relieved others' hunger first. This is the summit of innaa seyyaamai: not only to give no pain to others but to give oneself to remove their pain.\n\nAt last only water was left. As he was about to drink, a man, a pulkasa regarded as low-born, faint with thirst, came and said, \"Thirst is taking my life; give me water.\" Rantideva's heart melted. The words he spoke are the soul of this story: \"I do not ask the Lord for the eight powers or for freedom from rebirth. I wish only to take on the suffering of all beings so that their pain may end.\" He gave the water to the man.\n\nWe see too that the Purana puts Rantideva to a test. That the three gods themselves came as guests shows the belief that God comes in the form of simple people to test our compassionate minds. Our tradition teaches \"atithi devo bhava\", regard the guest as God. Honouring the thirsty ordinary man was the fulfilment of that path.\n\nAfter that, the Purana says, the three gods appeared and praised his compassion, and had come to test his patience. He lived without any attachment and in the end reached liberation, the story concludes.\n\nRantideva harmed no one; he did not mind his own pain; he made the removal of others' pain his prayer. The high ideal this chapter teaches blossomed in his life.","key_lessons_ta":"\u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc7 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b9a\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8.\n\u0ba4\u0bc0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0ba8\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc7 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bc8.\n\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1.\n\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc1.\n\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bc7 \u0bb5\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd.","key_lessons_en":"Not harming others even when wealth brings distinction is the creed of the stainless.\nThe best punishment for a wrongdoer is to do him such good that he is ashamed.\nKnowledge that does not guard another's pain as one's own is useless.\nDo not do to others what you know is painful to you.\nPain done in the forenoon comes back on its own in the afternoon.","image_prompt":"King Rantideva in simple clothes offering a clay cup of water to a thirsty man at the roadside during a famine, a starving family and dogs waiting nearby, the three gods glowing faintly in the sky above, warm palm-leaf manuscript and Tanjore-painting inspired style, ivory, ochre, copper and deep teal palette, ornate gold border, no text or letters in the image."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adhigaram\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adhigaram"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/adhigaram"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adhigaram\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2426,"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/adhigaram\/101\/revisions\/2426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kural_section","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamil.one\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kural_section?post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}